Effect of temperature on seed germination of five hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivars from Rif Mountains (northern Morocco)
Ismail El Bakali*, Soufian Chakkour, Samir El Bakali, Mohamed Kadiri, Abderrahmane Merzouki
Laboratory of Applied Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tetouan, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Mhannech II. 93002, Tetouan, Morocco
Laboratory of Biology, Ecology, and Health, FS, Abdelamlek Essaadi University, Mhannech II. 93002, Tetouan, Morocco
Marine Ecotoxicology Team, Department of chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Tetouan, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Mhannech II. 93002, Tetouan, Morocco
Abstract: Seed germination is a critical early factor influencing crop yield and quality. Hamp (Cannabis sativa) seed germination is significantly affected by changes in temperature and light conditions. This study investigates the effect of temperature on the germination of five cannabis cultivars from the Fifi region (northwestern Morocco), specifically ‘Beldiya’, ‘Mexicana’, ‘Khardala’, ‘Avocat’, and ‘Critical Plus’. We examined how temperature impacts several agro-biological parameters, including the final germination percentage (FGP), total germination time (TGT), mean germination time (MGT), mean daily germination (MDG), and latent life span (LLS). Our findings show that high temperatures (30°C) adversely affect all germination parameters across cultivars. The optimal FGP was observed within the 20°C to 25°C range for all cultivars. As temperature increases, germination accelerates, reducing TGT by 4 to 6 days depending on the cultivar. Rising temperatures also decrease MGT, grouping the cultivars into two response categories. In response to temperature shifts from 10°C to 25°C, ‘Beldiya’, ‘Mexicana’, and ‘Critical Plus’ exhibited significant reductions in MGT by 1.90, 1.83, and 1.80 days, respectively. ‘Khardala’ and ‘Avocat’ responded moderately, with decreases of 1.41 and 1.50 days. Higher temperatures also boosted MDG across all cultivars. At 10°C, MDG values increased by a factor of 2.4 for ‘Beldiya’, 2.6 for ‘Khardala’ and ‘Avocat’, 3.4 for ‘Critical Plus’, and 4 for ‘Mexicana’. Furthermore, increasing temperatures shortened the LLS, advancing germination. Between 10°C and 25°C, ‘Mexicana’ and ‘Critical Plus’ advanced germination by 2.8 to 3.5 days, while ‘Avocat’, ‘Beldiya’, and ‘Khardala’ advanced by 1.7 to 1.8 days. Overall, the local cultivars demonstrated better adaptation to local environmental conditions compared to newly introduced varieties.
Submitted: 25/05/2024 | Revised: 28/12/2024 | Accepted: 29/12/2024
Pages 1-9 | Read Article| Full Text PDF| doi: 10.21475/POJ.17.01.25.p06
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Seed quality of white oats with different foliar applications of zinc
Marta Gubert Tremea, Guilherme Roberto Schalanski, Gerusa Massuquini Conceição, José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva, Maria Eduarda Schmidt, Cibele Luisa Peter, Laura Eduarda Arnold, Joeli Vaz Bagolin
Federal University de Pelotas, Brasil
Northwest Regional University of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of white oat seeds produced through foliar biofortification with zinc. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Regional Institute for Rural Development (IRDeR), where white oats were sown and biofortified with zinc at doses of 0, 1000, 2000, and 4000 g ha⁻¹, applied at two different physiological stages of the plants, constituting a completely randomized experimental design with two factors. The analyzed variables were seed yield, thousand-seed weight, first germination count, germination, accelerated aging, seedling length, seedling dry mass, and electrical conductivity. The application of zinc through foliar biofortification only influenced yield when more than one application was performed, resulting in above-average outcomes, i.e., greater than 1600 kg ha⁻¹. For seed quality, the number of zinc applications did not differ statistically; however, different zinc doses had a significant influence on the first germination count, germination, accelerated aging, and seedling length tests, as well as on yield components, demonstrating the effectiveness of using foliar zinc biofortification for both the quantity and quality of white oat seed production.
Submitted: 18/06/2024 | Revised: 07/10/2024 | Accepted: 08/10/2024
Pages 10-13 | Read Article| Full Text PDF| doi: 10.21475/POJ.17.01.25.p13